In 1862, the Tokugawa shogunate started publishing the Kampan batabiya shinbun, a translated edition of a extensively dispersed Dutch newspaper. Both of these papers had been posted for foreigners, and contained only foreign information. Shen bao along with other key newspapers observed general public viewpoint as being the driving pressure https://frplhde.wikikarts.com/1064871/details_fiction_and_bulletins